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Ag Census 2007: Who Grows What Where?

by: Jill Richardson

Thu Feb 12, 2009 at 15:36:18 PM PST


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Over 80% of U.S. crop land is devoted to just 4 crops: corn, soy, wheat, and hay. Yesterday I wanted to know if small farms and large farms were equally likely to grow these 4 crops. Turns out, the larger the farm (in general), the more likely it is to grow corn, soy, or wheat (I didn't look at hay).

Does it follow then that the smaller you are, the more likely you are to grow "real food" (what the government refers to as "specialty crops")? In other words, which farms are growing our fruits and vegetables? The numbers there were less clear, particularly for vegetables.

So today I decided to check into something else: are all of our fruits and veggies coming from specific parts of the country? If that's the case, then even if large farms grow as much veggies as the small ones, I think it's clear that they aren't providing us with the fresh, local, organic food that we desire. Here's what I found...

Jill Richardson :: Ag Census 2007: Who Grows What Where?
What % of [Place] is Devoted to Growing [Crop] ?  
CropU.S.ArizonaCaliforniaFloridaTexasOther 46 States
Corn29.8%6.8%8.5%1.8%11.0%32.1%
Wheat16.5%10.3%4.6%0.3%20.0%16.7%
Soy20.6%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.5%22.9%
Cotton3.4%20.6%6.2%2.4%24.4%1.8%
Sugarcane0.3%0.0%0.0%11.2%0.0%0.2%
Total of Above70.5%37.7%19.3%16.0%55.9%73.7%
Veggies1.5%16.5%15.3%7.8%0.7%1.1%
Orchard1.6%4.5%37.0%20.0%1.1%0.5%
Fruit+Veg3.1%21.0%52.4%27.8%1.8%1.5%

Clearly, each of these four states do not grow nearly as much in the commodities listed as the rest of the country. Texas grows the most of the four, but unlike most states, Texas grows a big bunch of cotton. Arizona grows a lot of cotton too. Florida grows very little in commodities, and much of the commodities they grow is sugarcane. And Arizona, California, and Florida grow far more in veggies and fruits than the rest of the country.

Let's look at this a different way:

What % of the Total U.S. Acres of [Crop] are Planted in [Place]?

CropArizonaCaliforniaFloridaTexasOther 46 States
Total Crop Acres0.3%2.5%1.1%6.2%90.0%
Corn0.1%0.7%0.1%2.3%96.9%
Wheat0.2%0.7%0.0%7.5%91.6%
Soy0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%99.8%
Cotton1.6%4.5%0.8%44.5%48.6%
Sugarcane0.0%0.0%44.7%0.0%55.3%
Veggies2.9%25.0%5.7%2.7%63.7%
Orchard0.7%56.1%13.4%4.3%25.5%

Looking at this, just less than half of our cotton comes from Texas, and just less than half of our sugarcane comes from Florida. Over half of our fruit comes from California. So do a quarter of the veggies.

While just less than 2/3 of the veggies are grown in the other 46 states (and that's a good thing, if they are equally distributed around the nation where people can buy them locally), consider that those 46 states devote about the same amount of land to growing vegetables as they devote to growing corn for high fructose corn syrup. My hunch - which I'd have to investigate further - is that the veggies are only so "well-distributed" among states outside of California because potatoes count as a vegetable (and they are, in fact, the most popular vegetable).

Additionally, let's see how big the average fruit or veggie farm is in each place:

Average Veg Acreage Per Farm
US: 68 acres
AZ: 54 acres
CA: 302 acres
FL: 178 acres
TX: 54 acres
Other 46: 51 acres

Average Orchard Acreage Per Farm
US: 43 acres
AZ: 24 acres
CA: 72 acres
FL: 75 acres
TX: 24 acres
Other 46: 22 acres

Not too shocking... California and Florida's fruit, nut, & veg farms are, on average, much larger than those in the rest of the country.

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Surprised to see Arizona there... (4.00 / 1)
I didn't know they were a big vegetable-growing state?

Or is that all just lettuce from Yuma?

Great job Jill, keep them coming!  Looking forward to your vegetable investigation...

:)

"The essence of the independent mind lies not in what it thinks, but in how it thinks." - Christopher Hitchens


lettuce in yuma (4.00 / 1)
I don't think they are such a veggie growing state after all, now that I've gone through the effort of analyzing it, but I always drive past Yuma on the way from here to Phoenix so just due to that I assumed that maybe they'd have a lot of veggies growing in the state. Turns out they have little besides cacti growing at all. And what kind of idiots are growing corn in Arizona??? Ugh. How much water does that require?

"I can understand someone from Iowa promoting corn and soy, but we are not feeding the world, we are feeding animals and soft drink companies." - Jim Goodman

[ Parent ]
And green lawns... (4.00 / 1)
in one of the last places in America that should have them...

"The essence of the independent mind lies not in what it thinks, but in how it thinks." - Christopher Hitchens

[ Parent ]
OH SERIOUSLY (4.00 / 1)
although many people in AZ are smart and have desert lawns with pebbles and cacti. In San Diego you can make a really neat looking yard with a variety of native plants. I'll have to take pictures. There's this one great house on my way to the farmers' mkt, right in between all these dipshits with green grass growing.

And OMG - total pet peeve - the other day it was raining here and then I saw some idiot with an automatic sprinkler system who was watering their already wet plants.

"I can understand someone from Iowa promoting corn and soy, but we are not feeding the world, we are feeding animals and soft drink companies." - Jim Goodman


[ Parent ]
Would love to see them! (4.00 / 1)
The native plant yards, not the dipshits growing grass.  Lol...

And OMG - total pet peeve - the other day it was raining here and then I saw some idiot with an automatic sprinkler system who was watering their already wet plants.

I believe his name was R.E. Dundancy.  President and CEO of Wasteful, Inc...

The year I lived in Arizona, our apartment complex had desert-ish landscaping.  But the rest of the town, not so much...

"The essence of the independent mind lies not in what it thinks, but in how it thinks." - Christopher Hitchens


[ Parent ]
speaking of which (4.00 / 1)
did you see that the USDA's digging up much of its pavement to plant grass? I guess that's technically an improvement but it makes me want to scream all the same! You shouldn't have a green initiative that involves planting more grass, esp if you mow it and treat it with chemicals. At the very least they should have a goat come and graze on it or something.

"I can understand someone from Iowa promoting corn and soy, but we are not feeding the world, we are feeding animals and soft drink companies." - Jim Goodman

[ Parent ]
Well, they're in DC... (4.00 / 1)
I'm sure they can find a goat or ten (or more) somewhere in that town.

I suggest they start in Congress...

"The essence of the independent mind lies not in what it thinks, but in how it thinks." - Christopher Hitchens


[ Parent ]
my brother lives in Phoenix (4.00 / 2)
and would love to have desert landscaping, but his housing association requires grass lawns. He has sought to have this rule changed, to no avail.

A lot of people think grassy lawns improve property values. So there they all are, watering and pouring chemicals on their grass in the middle of a desert.  


[ Parent ]
Ughhh. (4.00 / 1)
Those things...

I was just reading an article somewhere last night about the recent comeback of backyard clotheslines being used to dry clothes as an energy-saving solution over home dryers, and one of the parts of the article was about homeowners associations being a key obstacle to more people being able to do so.  Apparently, dryers make for about 5.5% of all American energy usage; almost as much energy as all indoor and outdoor electrical lighting combined, which makes for something like 8.8% I think it was.

Ridiculous.  Don't these people realize it isn't 1955 anymore, and it never will be again?

"The essence of the independent mind lies not in what it thinks, but in how it thinks." - Christopher Hitchens


[ Parent ]
Comeback??? (4.00 / 1)
For crying out loud, we've been hanging our clothes out ever since we've been married, for almost 40 years!  Sheeeesh!

[ Parent ]
Good to hear that... (4.00 / 1)
But many people have stopped over the years, or never did in the first place.  And they're beginning to realize the value of doing so from here on out.

The article was about those people, and the fact that an increasing number of people are currently looking into doing so.  Some obstacles exist, and homeowners associations are one of those.

"The essence of the independent mind lies not in what it thinks, but in how it thinks." - Christopher Hitchens


[ Parent ]
Oh, and as for this... (4.00 / 1)
A lot of people think grassy lawns improve property values.

I don't understand that at all?  Boring.  I'd rather look at / live on / live next to a yard with some variety, you know?  Something with character.

One of the best things about Portland is it seems most of the entire city is in a competition to see who can have the most interesting lawn.  Love the variety here.  Especially the ones that have turned their entire yards towards growing food!

There's dozens and dozens of yards just in my neighborhood alone that look like native Oregon wilderness...

I should post some pictures of yards from around here myself soon.

"The essence of the independent mind lies not in what it thinks, but in how it thinks." - Christopher Hitchens


[ Parent ]
I've been down to Phoenix several times... (4.00 / 1)
with my wife: her sister lives down there.  I remember one evening driving down a street after dark and I passed by a resort that had big floodlights shining on a wall with the resort's name and a flood of water was rushing down the wall.  It was really pretty, eye-catching.

But what a waste of water in a desert environment (and of energy).  Large amounts of water were evaporating into the night air everytime the water fell down the wall and into the pool at the bottom.


[ Parent ]
Well, I blew that one! (4.00 / 1)
Looking forward to your vegetable investigation...

Argh!  It's so obvious now that I should have gone with in-veg-tigation!!!

:)

"The essence of the independent mind lies not in what it thinks, but in how it thinks." - Christopher Hitchens


[ Parent ]
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